Bibliography on Human Trafficking & Commercial Sexual Exploitation in North America

The purpose of this bibliography is to provide in-depth annotations for recent empirical research papers, with a focus on the scope, methods, and findings of publications related to human trafficking and commercial sexual exploitation in the United States, Canada, and Mexico.  To be included in this bibliography, a publication had to report original empirical research in North America, and be published in English between 2015 and 2025. A special emphasis is placed on major actors in the human trafficking arena, including victims and survivors, perpetrators and other facilitators, buyers, law enforcement, and social service and healthcare providers.

Annotated Bibliography (Revision 5.0)

Empirical Research Focused on Persons Who Have Experienced Human Trafficking and Commercial Sexual Exploitation in North America: 2015-2025

Marietta Baba, Kathleen Reeves, and Kaissidy Homolka